3rd Sunday Advent (c)
Zeph 3:14-18
The book of Zephaniah, written during the time of King Josiah in the late seventh century B.C. (1:1), consists of three chapters and addresses both severe judgments against Judah, Jerusalem, (ch. 1), and the surrounding nations (ch. 2), followed by a message of deliverance for God’s faithful remnant (ch. 3). This chapter, possibly edited later, emphasizes Jerusalem’s restoration as the Lord reclaims His presence among His people. The reasons for rejoicing include the end of retribution and the Lord’s return (3:15, 17), linking this to the historical event of the Jews reclaiming their city and rebuilding the temple after 546 B.C. The passage concludes with a depiction of Yahweh joyfully celebrating the deliverance of His people.
Phil 4:4-7
The exhortation to rejoice appears in this letter repeatedly (cf 1:18; 2:17-18; 3:1). Paul emphasizes the importance of rejoicing, even from prison, highlighting the joy found in community solidarity and the anticipation of the Lord’s return (v5). He connects prayer with thanksgiving, suggesting that petitions to God should stem from gratitude (v6). The passage also notes that unity with Christ brings peace of mind and heart, even during challenging times (v7).
Lk 3:10-18
Luke’s account of John the Baptist emphasizes his preaching over his baptism. The chapter begins with the word of God coming to John (v1), calling for repentance and its fruits due to impending judgment (v9). John’s message includes a basic ethic of sharing goods with the deprived (vv10f), addressing various groups such as tax collectors and soldiers (vv12f), highlighting fairness and equity in contrast to Jesus’ more radical demands for discipleship (cf 5:11,27; 9:23ff; 9:57-62).
John acknowledges he is not the Messiah, who will be mightier and emphasizes his subordinate role, including the distinction between his baptism and Jesus’ baptism with the Holy Spirit and fire (v16). The imagery of the winnowing fan (v17), suggests a coming judgment and the need for exceptional choices in Jesus’ era. Ultimately, while John is related to Jesus in preaching good news, he remains distinct. The text concludes with John’s imprisonment (v19) hinting at early Christian controversies regarding their ministries.
Advent is a season of rejoicing in anticipation of our Savior’s coming. However, we are also reminded not to neglect the call to repentance, for His arrival signifies a day of judgment as well. Let us listen to the voice of John the Baptist and strive to live a virtuous life, radically dedicating ourselves to others, with God’s peace dwelling in our hearts.
Amen.
